據(jù)油氣新聞3月9日消息稱，圭亞那作為世界上最新的主要石油生產(chǎn)國處于獨特的地位。其它依賴石油和天然氣的產(chǎn)油國正在考慮能源轉(zhuǎn)型對其經(jīng)濟構成的威脅。

圭亞那的石油剛剛開始商業(yè)化，有望改變該國的財富。

圭亞那的油田是巨大的。埃克森美孚及其合作伙伴赫斯和中海油于今年早些時候?qū)ⅫS金斯塔布魯克區(qū)塊的儲量提高了25%。我們的分析模型顯示大約60億桶石油。首次生產(chǎn)是在2019年12月完成的，僅僅是在最初發(fā)現(xiàn)的5年后。到2028年，這一分階段的開發(fā)將使日產(chǎn)量超過110萬桶，圭亞那將成為石油歷史上第11個達到百萬桶/天里程碑的國家。

這些石油大多是輕質(zhì)油，滿足了市場對相對低碳強度液體日益增長的需求。

巨大的油田將為這個僅有80萬人口的國家?guī)頍o數(shù)的財富。隨著產(chǎn)量的增加，圭亞那將崛起為石油大國。人均產(chǎn)量甚至將超過中東主要產(chǎn)油國——科威特、阿聯(lián)酋和沙特阿拉伯。

該國的經(jīng)濟將發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)變。在此十年中，該項目的年度資本支出平均每年將達到40億美元，相當于2019年的國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值。大部分資金將用于圭亞那以外的生產(chǎn)設備，但相當大的投資將流入陸上和海上的基礎設施，以支持不斷發(fā)展的石油工業(yè)。

曹海斌 摘譯自 油氣新聞

原文如下：

Guyana: Global Oil’s New King Of The Heap

Guyana is in a unique position as the world’s newest major oil producer. Other oil- and gas-dependent producers are contemplating the threat posed by the energy transition to their economy.

Guyana’s oil, only just being commercialized, promises to transform the nation’s wealth.

Guyana’s oil fields are prodigious. ExxonMobil and its partners, Hess and CNOOC Ltd, upgraded reserves on the golden Stabroek block by 25% earlier this year. Our analysis models almost 6 billion barrels of oil. First production was achieved in December 2019, only five years after the initial discovery. The phased development will lift output to over 1.1 million barrels per day (b/d) by 2028, and Guyana will become just the 11th nation in oil’s history to reach the million b/d milestone.

These barrels are mostly light, meeting the market’s increasing need for relatively low-carbon-intensity liquids.

The giant oil fields will deliver untold riches to this nation of only 800,000 people. Guyana will, as output builds, rise to be king of the heap. Production per capita will eclipse even that of the leading Middle East producers, Kuwait, UAE and Saudi Arabia.

The country’s economy will be transformed. Annual capital expenditure on the project will average U.S.$4 billion a year this decade – the same as 2019 GDP. Much will be spent on production equipment outside Guyana, but considerable investment will flow into infrastructure onshore and offshore to support the growing oil industry.