據(jù)油田技術(shù)3月10日報(bào)道，美國能源信息署(EIA)發(fā)現(xiàn)，2019年美國天然氣產(chǎn)量增加了98億立方英尺/天，較2018年增加了10%。這一增幅略低于2018年105億立方英尺/天的年度增幅。

根據(jù)EIA的月度原油和天然氣產(chǎn)量報(bào)告，2019年，以總采出量(天然氣產(chǎn)量最全面的衡量標(biāo)準(zhǔn))衡量的美國天然氣產(chǎn)量平均為1115億立方英尺/天，創(chuàng)下歷史最高紀(jì)錄。以市場銷售天然氣產(chǎn)量和干氣產(chǎn)量衡量，美國天然氣產(chǎn)量也分別創(chuàng)下992億立方英尺/天和922億立方英尺/天的新高。

2019年11月，美國天然氣總開采量創(chuàng)下1168億立方英尺/天的月度新高。2019年11月，已上市天然氣產(chǎn)量和干氣產(chǎn)量也分別創(chuàng)下1036億立方英尺/天和964億立方英尺/天的月度新高。

隨著天然氣產(chǎn)量的增加，通過液化和管道的天然氣出口量連續(xù)第五年增加，至128億立方英尺/天的年平均水平。在2019年29億立方英尺/天的天然氣出口增量中，液化天然氣出口占了20億立方英尺/天。2019年12月，管道天然氣和液化天然氣總出口量分別達(dá)到84億立方英尺/天和71億立方英尺/天的月度新高。

2019年，美國天然氣出口量繼續(xù)高于進(jìn)口量，天然氣凈出口量平均為52億立方英尺/天。通過管道出口的天然氣也超過了進(jìn)口，這至少是自1985年以來的首次，主要原因是向加拿大和墨西哥輸送天然氣的管道容量增加。

阿巴拉契亞地區(qū)仍然是美國最大的天然氣產(chǎn)區(qū)。來自俄亥俄州、西弗吉尼亞州和賓夕法尼亞州的頁巖天然氣產(chǎn)量繼續(xù)增長，總開采量從2018年的286億立方英尺/天增加到2019年的321億立方英尺/天。在阿巴拉契亞地區(qū)，賓夕法尼亞州的天然氣總采收率增幅最大，在2019年增加了21億立方英尺/天，達(dá)到191億立方英尺/天。

美國境內(nèi)，賓夕法尼亞州的產(chǎn)量增幅僅次于德克薩斯州，德州的總開采量增加了36億立方英尺/天，達(dá)到創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的280億立方英尺/天。德州天然氣產(chǎn)量的增長主要來自二疊紀(jì)盆地和海恩斯維爾頁巖地層的開發(fā)。根據(jù)EIA的鉆井產(chǎn)能報(bào)告， 2019年，二疊紀(jì)盆地的天然氣產(chǎn)量增加了34億立方英尺/天，同比增長30%，而海恩斯維爾頁巖地層的產(chǎn)量增加了24億立方英尺/天，增幅為26%。

王佳晶 摘譯自 油田技術(shù)

原文如下：

EIA: US natural gas production increased by 10% in 2019

The US Energy Information Administration (EIA) has found that US natural gas production grew by 9.8 billion ft3/d in 2019, a 10% increase from 2018. The increase was slightly less than the 2018 annual increase of 10.5 billion ft3/d.

US natural gas production measured as gross withdrawals (the most comprehensive measure of natural gas production) averaged 111.5 billion ft3/d in 2019, the highest volume on record, according to the EIA's Monthly Crude Oil and Natural Gas Production Report. U.S. natural gas production, when measured as marketed natural gas production and dry natural gas production, also reached new highs at 99.2 billion ft3/d and 92.2 billion ft3/d, respectively.

U.S. natural gas gross withdrawals recorded a monthly high of 116.8 billion ft3/d in November 2019. Marketed natural gas production and dry natural gas production also reached monthly record highs of 103.6 billion ft3/d and 96.4 billion ft3/d, respectively, in November 2019.

As natural gas production increased, the volume of natural gas exports—both through pipelines and as LNG—increased for the fifth consecutive year to an annual average of 12.8 billion ft3/d. LNG exports accounted for 2 billion ft3/d of the 2.9 billion ft3/d increase in gross natural gas exports in 2019. Both pipeline and LNG gross exports of natural gas reached record monthly highs in December 2019 of 8.4 billion ft3/d and 7.1 billion ft3/d, respectively.

The US continued to export more natural gas than it imported in 2019, and net natural gas exports averaged 5.2 billion ft3/d. In 2019, the US also exported more natural gas by pipeline than it imported for the first time since at least 1985, mainly because of increased pipeline capacity to send natural gas to Canada and Mexico.

The Appalachian region remains the largest natural gas producing region in the US. Appalachian natural gas production from the Marcellus and Utica/Point Pleasant shales of Ohio, West Virginia, and Pennsylvania continues to grow; gross withdrawals increased from 28.6 billion ft3/d in 2018 to 32.1 billion ft3/d in 2019. Within the Appalachian region, Pennsylvania had the largest increase in gross withdrawals of natural gas, increasing by 2.1 billion ft3/d in 2019 to reach 19.1 billion ft3/d.

Nationally, Pennsylvania’s increase was second to that of Texas, where gross withdrawals increased by 3.6 billion ft3/d to a record annual production of 28 billion ft3/d. Texas’s increase in natural gas production is mainly from development in the Permian Basin and Haynesville shale formations. According to the EIA’s Drilling Productivity Report, natural gas production in the Permian Basin increased by 3.4 billion ft3/d in 2019, or 30%, and production in the Haynesville formation increased by 2.4 billion ft3/d, or 26% compared with the previous year.?