據(jù)世界石油網(wǎng)站4月12日?qǐng)?bào)道 由于疫情抑制了燃料需求，世界原油過(guò)剩，就連中東主要的石油貿(mào)易中心也沒(méi)有儲(chǔ)存多余石油的空間。

阿聯(lián)酋富查伊拉的終端運(yùn)營(yíng)商表示，他們拒絕了貿(mào)易商和煉油商要求儲(chǔ)存原油和精煉產(chǎn)品的請(qǐng)求，而一年前他們有足夠的空間。港口的1400萬(wàn)桶商業(yè)原油儲(chǔ)存能力只是沙特阿拉伯和阿布扎比為其國(guó)有石油公司提供的一小部分。

如果沒(méi)有油輪租賃，貿(mào)易商作為媒人的角色將面臨昂貴的限制，他們將這里的特定供應(yīng)與那里愿意購(gòu)買的買家聯(lián)系起來(lái)。全球石油供過(guò)于求，使得交易更難平衡市場(chǎng)失衡，而今年原油價(jià)格大跌約一半，更是雪上加霜。

阿聯(lián)酋國(guó)家開(kāi)發(fā)銀行駐迪拜的市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)高級(jí)主管愛(ài)德華·貝爾表示：“如果油輪沒(méi)有被租賃或封鎖，那么交易員需要推遲原油的購(gòu)買。反過(guò)來(lái)，這可能迫使生產(chǎn)關(guān)閉。”

存儲(chǔ)需求是全球能源供應(yīng)鏈中一個(gè)不起眼但必不可少的環(huán)節(jié)，目前處于多年來(lái)的最高水平。從新加坡到俄克拉荷馬州的庫(kù)欣，油罐里堆滿了原油、汽油和其他產(chǎn)品，其中最重要的莫過(guò)于富查伊拉，這是世界上最高產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)油區(qū)的運(yùn)輸通道。

富查伊拉石油終端FZC的商業(yè)經(jīng)理馬萊克·阿齊茲說(shuō)：“目前的容量肯定不夠。”

即使沙特阿拉伯、俄羅斯和其他產(chǎn)油國(guó)達(dá)成一項(xiàng)暫定協(xié)議，每天至少減產(chǎn)1000萬(wàn)桶，也無(wú)法緩解富查伊拉的庫(kù)存緊張。雖然這樣的削減將部分抵消原油需求的減少，但Trafigura集團(tuán)認(rèn)為，隨著各國(guó)延長(zhǎng)對(duì)疫情封鎖，石油使用量每天將下降多達(dá)3500萬(wàn)桶，約為全球正常產(chǎn)量的三分之一。

王磊 摘譯自 世界石油

原文如下：

Oil glut closes Middle East’s largest crude terminal

With the coronavirus choking fuel demand and the world awash in surplus crude, even the Middle East’s main oil-trading hub has run out of room to store unwanted barrels.

Terminal operators at Fujairah in the United Arab Emirates say they’re turning down requests from traders and refiners to store crude and refined products, whereas a year ago they had ample space. The port’s 14 million barrels of commercial crude-storage capacity is just a fraction of what Saudi Arabia and Abu Dhabi provide for their state oil companies.

Without tanks to lease, traders face costly constraints on their role as matchmakers who link a specific supply here with a willing buyer there. The global oil glut is making it harder for traders to even out imbalances in the market, and the plunge in crude, down about half this year, is making matters worse.

“If tanks are leased or blocked, then traders need to push back on taking crude,” said Edward Bell, senior director for market economics at Emirates NBD PJSC in Dubai. That, in turn, could “force production shut-ins.”

Demand for storage, an unglamorous but essential link in the global energy supply chain, is at its highest in years. From Singapore to Cushing, Oklahoma, tanks are brimming with crude, gasoline and other products, nowhere moreso than in Fujairah, a gateway for shipments from the world’s most prolific oil-producing region.

“The current capacity isn’t enough, for sure,” said Malek Azizi, commercial manager at Fujairah Oil Terminal FZC.

Even a tentative deal between Saudi Arabia, Russia and other producers to trim output by at least 10 million barrels a day won’t ease the storage crunch at Fujairah. While such a cut would partly offset lost crude demand, Trafigura Group sees oil use plunging by as much as 35 million barrels daily -- roughly a third of normal global output -- as countries prolong lockdowns over the coronavirus.