據路透社6月3日報道，Rystad Energy估計，目前出售的油氣資產可采儲量中，液體燃料儲量超過50億桶和天然氣儲量超過75億桶。雖然其中一些撤資計劃是在油價暴跌之前宣布的，但更多是在需求暴跌后做出的。Rystad的評估不包括自19年第四季度以來宣布的非常規資產和美國境內資產。

當前所供應的大部分資源都處于生產階段，其次是大量的未開發資源。換句話說，在當前原油價格較低的情況下，企業要么擺脫其成熟的投資組合，專注于關鍵項目，要么希望避免額外的綠地成本。

Rystad Energy高級上游分析師Siva Prasad表示："許多企業正試圖剝離低優先級資產，而一些企業則認為現在是進入該行業或以較低價格收購這些資產以擴大投資組合的最佳時機。"

在全球范圍內，大型石油公司占了近70%的液體燃料儲量和50%的天然氣儲備。埃克森美孚(ExxonMobil)和雪佛龍(Chevron)在各大石油公司的撤資行動中最為積極，因為兩家公司都在尋求實現其各自的撤資目標。

埃克森美孚正在為其在美國墨西哥灣、英國北海、德國、尼日利亞、馬來西亞、印度尼西亞、羅馬尼亞、阿塞拜疆、越南、乍得和赤道幾內亞的上游資產尋找目標買家，這是該公司更廣泛計劃的一部分。該公司計劃到2021年實現150億美元的資產出售收入，到2025年實現250億美元的資產剝離。

與此同時，雪佛龍(Chevron)正尋求出售其在尼日利亞8個區塊(包括陸上和淺水區)的股權，這是其重塑投資組合的全球行動的一部分。這家美國石油公司還在考慮出售其在印尼深水天然氣項目中的股權，這是其出售低優先級天然氣項目戰略的一部分，旨在控制長期成本。

道達爾還將出售其在尼日利亞OML 118海上區塊12.5%的股權，該區塊包括Bonga、Bonga Southwest和Aparo油田。道達爾希望到2020年在全球范圍內出售資產，籌資50億美元。

在Rystad的投資組合區域規劃列表中，最突出的陸上投資組合是由道達爾和圖洛石油公司提供的肯尼亞投資組合。這兩家油氣生產商計劃聯合出售位于肯尼亞南洛基查爾盆地(South Lokichar Basin)的10 BA、10 BB和13T區塊的股權。在該項目的啟動存在不確定性的情況下，這筆交易可能會讓圖洛石油完全退出該區塊。與此同時，道達爾計劃出售其在肯尼亞項目中所持25%股份的一半。整個項目的價值在12.5億美元到20億美元之間，但由于尚未收到開發的最終投資決定，無法獲得準確的估值。

在待售儲量方面，緊隨各大石油巨頭之后的是以日本Inpex為首的工業公司。該公司正考慮放棄澳大利亞業務，主要是圍繞總值450億美元的Ichthys液化天然氣項目開展業務。盡管Inpex將出售其在澳大利亞的全部業務，但潛在的資產剝離交易不太可能包括整個投資組合。

隨著澳大利亞石油和天然氣產量持續下降，全球轉向電動汽車，對碳氫化合物的長期需求前景黯淡，礦業集團必和必拓（BHP）正考慮出售其在維多利亞巴斯海峽油田的資產。擁有巴斯海峽油氣田剩余股權的埃克森美孚（ExxonMobil）已于去年9月宣布，將出售該項目50%的股權。

據估計，還有10.4萬平方公里的勘探面積可供爭奪，潛在的勘探許可權益出售是各大公司、勘探與生產公司、工業公司和綜合性公司銷售的資產組合的一部分。在可供開發的勘探面積中，約83%為近海區塊。

王佳晶 摘譯自 路透社

原文如下：

Rystad Energy: reserves of global oil and gas assets for sale above 12.5 billion boe

Oil and gas companies currently have assets for sale with recoverable reserves of more than 5 billion bbl of liquids and 7.5 billion boe of natural gas, Rystad Energy estimates. While some of these planned divestments were announced before the Covid-19-related oil price crash, more were added in reaction to the pandemic and its aftermath.

Rystad's estimates look at divestment opportunities that exclude unconventional and US onshore assets, announced since 4Q19.

The majority of resources on offer are in the producing phase, followed by volumes of undeveloped resources in the pre-FEED stage. In other words, companies are either getting rid of their mature portfolio to focus on key projects, or want to avoid additional greenfield costs in light of the current low crude price.

“Many players are trying to divest their low-priority assets, while others are considering this the right time to break into the industry or expand their portfolios by acquiring these assets at a lower price,“ said Rystad Energy’s senior upstream analyst Siva Prasad.

The majors contribute nearly 70% of the liquid volumes and 50% of the gas reserves lined up for divestment globally. ExxonMobil and Chevron are the most active when it comes to divestments among the majors, as both companies seek to meet their respective divestment targets.

ExxonMobil is looking for interested buyers for upstream assets in the US Gulf of Mexico, the UK North Sea, Germany, Nigeria, Malaysia, Indonesia, Romania, Azerbaijan, Vietnam, Chad and Equatorial Guinea as part of its wider plan to generate US$15 billion by 2021 and US$25 billion by 2025 from divestments.

Meanwhile, Chevron is seeking to divest its equity in eight Nigerian blocks, both onshore and in shallow waters, as part of a global drive to reshape its portfolio. The American major is also considering selling its stake in the Indonesian Deepwater Development gas project as part of its strategy to sell its low-priority natural gas projects to control costs in the long term.

Total’s 12.5% stake in the Nigerian offshore block OML 118, which includes the Bonga, Bonga Southwest and Aparo fields, is also up for sale as part of the French major’s bid to raise US$5 billion from asset sales around the world by 2020.

The most prominent onshore package in Rystad's list of farm-in opportunities is the Kenyan portfolio being offered by Total and Tullow Oil. The two oil and gas producers aim to reduce their stakes in a joint sale of the blocks 10 BA, 10 BB and 13T in the South Lokichar Basin in Kenya. The sale could see Tullow exit the blocks completely amid uncertainty over the project’s launch. Total, meanwhile, aims to sell up to half of its 25% stake in the Kenyan project. The entire project is valued at between US$1.25 billion and US$2 billion, but a precise valuation is not available since the development is yet to receive a final investment decision.

When it comes to the reserve volumes put up for sale, the majors are followed by industrial companies led by Japan’s Inpex, which is considering farming out of its Australian operations, centered around the US$45 billion Ichthys LNG project, among others. Although Inpex is floating all of its Australian operations for sale, a potential divestment deal is unlikely to include the entire portfolio.

Along with Inpex, mining conglomerate BHP is considering a potential sale of its assets in Victoria's Bass Strait fields as its Australian oil and gas production continues to decline and the global shift towards electric vehicles paints a grim outlook for long-term demand for hydrocarbons. ExxonMobil, which owns the remaining stakes in the Bass Strait oil and gas fields, already announced in September last year that it would put its 50% stake in the project up for sale.

An estimated 104 000 km2 of exploration acreage is also up for grabs with potential exploration license sales being part of the asset packages marketed by majors, E&Ps, industrial companies and integrated companies alike. About 83% of the exploration acreage available for farm-in is offshore.